Oncid ID: Tool for Diagnosing Adult Twig Girdlers (Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Onciderini)
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Genus: Trachysomus

Diagnostic Features
  • Description: Elongate-ovate, robust, moderate to large-sized, ranging from about 15–26 mm in length. Integument generally dark brown or ferrugineous with whitish, ferrugineous, black, and ochraceous pubescence. Head with frons subquadrate to transverse, about as wide as width of four lower eye lobes. Eyes with lower lobes ovate-oblong. Genae subquadrate to elongate, variable in height, from distinctly shorter to distinctly taller than lower eye lobes. Antennal tubercles prominent, widely separated; tubercles not armed at apex or armed with a small projection; antennae distinctly shorter than overall body length, or about as long; scape clavate, about as long as antennomere IV; antennomere III nearly straight or curved, longer than scape and antennomere IV. Pronotum subquadrate to transverse, roughly cylindrical to conical, wider at base, with or without lateral tubercles. Elytra with sides roughly parallel to attenuate; elytral apices individually rounded; elytra generally uniform in coloration or speckled, or with distinct maculae; base of elytra with two or more prominent, irregularly shaped, rough, blunt tubercles at humeri. Basal 1/3 of elytra with sparse to dense punctation, surface coarsely punctate to granulate-punctate. Procoxae without projection. Mesosternal process with apex subtruncate to deeply emarginate. Metafemora moderate to short in length, about 1/3–1/4 as long as elytra.

  • The combination of the following characters will help to distinguish this genus: distinctly robust form; eyes widely separated; and base of elytra with two or more prominent, irregularly shaped, rough, blunt tubercles at humeri.

  • Similar genus/genera: the genus Trachysomus is distinct among Onciderini and not easily confused with other genera. However, Paratrachysomus is superficially similar and Cydros is also roughly sculptured but is smaller and less robust.
Geographic Distribution
  • Central America (Mexico, Nicaragua to Panama)
  • South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad & Tobago, Venezuela)
Host Plants/Trees
  • Achatocarpaceae (Achatocarpus praecox); Annonaceae (Rollinia emarginata); Boraginaceae (Patagonula americana); Myrtaceae (Psidium guajava [guava]); Nyctaginaceae (Pisonia zapallo); Polygonaceae (Triplaris cumingiana, T. weigeltiana)
Girdling Behavior
  • This genus is suspected to girdle branches of trees.
Notes

The genus Trachysomus currently contains 17 species:
  Trachysomus apipunga Martins & Galileo, 2008
  Trachysomus arriagadai Galileo & Martins, 1991 [holotype specimen]
  Trachysomus buquetii Thomson, 1858 [type specimen]
  Trachysomus camelus Buquet, 1852 [type specimen]
  Trachysomus cavigibba Martins, 1975 [holotype specimen, ♂]
  Trachysomus clarkei Martins & Galileo, 2009
  Trachysomus dromedarius (Voet, 1778) [♂ specimen]
  Trachysomus dromedarius (Voet, 1778) [type specimen, ♀]
  Trachysomus fragifer (Kirby, 1818) [type specimen]
  Trachysomus gibbosus Buquet, 1852 [type specimen]
  Trachysomus hydaspes Dillon & Dillon, 1946
  Trachysomus luederwaldti Martins, 1975 [holotype specimen, ♂]
  Trachysomus mexicanus Dillon & Dillon, 1946 [holotype specimen, ♀]
  Trachysomus peregrinus Thomson, 1858 [type specimen]
  Trachysomus santarensis Bates, 1865 [type specimen]
  Trachysomus surdus Dillon & Dillon, 1946 [holotype specimen, ♂]
  Trachysomus thomsoni Aurivillius, 1923
  Trachysomus wappesi Martins & Galileo, 2009

Generic Synonymies
  • The type species of this genus was originally described in the genus Lamia.
Selected References
 

Trachysomus dromedarius
♂ specimen
© E.H. Nearns

 

© 2011-2015 Nearns, E.H., Lord, N.P., and K.B. Miller
The University of New Mexico and Center for Plant Health Science and Technology, USDA, APHIS, PPQ.