Oncid ID: Tool for Diagnosing Adult Twig Girdlers (Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Onciderini)
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Genus: Hypsioma

Diagnostic Features
  • Description: Elongate-ovate, small to large-sized, ranging from about 11–23 mm in length. Integument generally dark brown or black with whitish, ferrugineous, and ochraceous pubescence. Head with frons elongate, about as wide as width of 1 1/2 to two lower eye lobes. Eyes with lower lobes ovate-oblong. Genae elongate, variable in size, from distinctly shorter to distinctly taller than lower eye lobes. Antennal tubercles prominent, moderately to narrowly separated; tubercles not armed at apex or armed with a small projection, or with a short, blunt horn; antennae about as long as overall body length, or as much as twice as long; scape clavate, about as long or longer than antennomere IV; antennomere III sinuate, about as long or longer than scape and longer than antennomere IV. Pronotum transverse, conical, wider at base, without lateral tubercles; pronotal disk often with then glabrous area at center. Elytra with sides attenuate; elytral apices individually rounded; elytra generally uniform in coloration or speckled, or with distinct maculae; base of elytra with two prominent tubercles at humeri. Basal 1/3 of elytra with sparse to dense punctation, surface finely punctate, coarsely punctate, or granulate-punctate. Procoxae without projection or with small acute projection, obtuse tubercle, or distinct, curved hook (males). Mesosternal process with apex deeply emarginate. Metafemora long to moderate in length, about 1/2–1/3 as long as elytra.

  • The combination of the following characters will help to distinguish this genus: sinuate antennomere III; conical pronotum, without lateral tubercles; base of elytra with two prominent tubercles at humeri; deeply emarginate mesosternal process apex; and moderate to long metafemora.

  • Similar genus/genera: strongly resembles Bucoides, Cnemosioma, Marensis, Tibiosioma, and Tulcus; superficially resembles Agaritha and Typhlocerus.
Geographic Distribution
  • Lesser Antilles (Barbados, Dominica, Guadeloupe, Martinique, St. Lucia, St. Vincent)
  • Central America (Panama)
  • South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad & Tobago)
Host Plants/Trees
  • Anacardiaceae (Mangifera indica); Mimosaceae (Enterolobium maximum); Papilionaceae (Dalbergia nigra, Lonchocarpus punctatus, Piscidia carthagensis, Machaerium acutifolium)
Girdling Behavior
  • Members of this genus do not girdler of branches and are known to oviposit in dead branches (J. Touroult, personal communication; Martins, 1975).
Notes

The genus Hypsioma currently contains 31 species:
  Hypsioma affinis Thomson, 1860 [type specimen, ♂]
  Hypsioma amydon Dillon & Dillon, 1945
  Hypsioma aristonia Dillon & Dillon, 1945 [holotype specimen, ♂]
  Hypsioma asthenia Martins & Galileo, 1990 [holotype specimen, ♂]
  Hypsioma attalia Dillon & Dillon, 1945 [holotype specimen, ♀]
  Hypsioma bahiensis Martins & Galileo, 2010
  Hypsioma barbara Martins & Galileo, 1990 [holotype specimen, ♀]
  Hypsioma basalis Thomson, 1860 [type specimen]
  Hypsioma brabanti Martins & Galileo, 2012
  Hypsioma carioca Martins & Galileo, 2007 [holotype specimen, ♀]
  Hypsioma cariua Galileo & Martins, 2007
  Hypsioma chapadensis Dillon & Dillon, 1945 [paratype specimen, ♀]
  Hypsioma charila Dillon & Dillon, 1945
  Hypsioma constellata Thomson, 1868 [type specimen]
  Hypsioma dejeanii Thomson, 1868 [type specimen]
  Hypsioma gibbera Audinet-Serville, 1835
  Hypsioma grisea (Fleutiaux & Sallé, 1889) [lectotype specimen]
  Hypsioma hezia Dillon & Dillon, 1945
  Hypsioma inornata Thomson, 1868 [type specimen]
  Hypsioma lyca Dillon & Dillon, 1945 [holotype specimen, ♀]
  Hypsioma nesiope Dillon & Dillon, 1945
  Hypsioma obscurella (Bates, 1865) [type specimen]
  Hypsioma opalina Dillon & Dillon, 1945 [holotype specimen, ♀]
  Hypsioma pylades Dillon & Dillon, 1945
  Hypsioma renatoi Martins & Galileo, 1990 [paratype specimen]
  Hypsioma rimosa Dillon & Dillon, 1945 [holotype specimen, ♂]
  Hypsioma robusta Dillon & Dillon, 1945 [holotype specimen, ♂]
  Hypsioma solangeae Galileo & Martins, 2007
  Hypsioma sororcula Martins, 1981 [holotype specimen, ♀]
  Hypsioma steinbachi Dillon & Dillon, 1945 [♀ specimen]
  Hypsioma steinbachi Dillon & Dillon, 1945 [♂ specimen, displaying thanatosis]
  Hypsioma viridis Gilmour, 1950 [holotype specimen, ♂]
  • Duffy (1960) described the larva of Hypsioma gibbera.
  • Specimens of this genus have been collected at UV light and also by log picking (E.H. Nearns, personal observation).

    Generic Synonymies
    • None
    Selected References
     

    Hypsioma steinbachi
    ♀ specimen
    © E.H. Nearns

     

    © 2011-2015 Nearns, E.H., Lord, N.P., and K.B. Miller
    The University of New Mexico and Center for Plant Health Science and Technology, USDA, APHIS, PPQ.